What is Architecture
Architecture is a passion, a
vocation, a calling – as well as a science and a business. It has been
described as a social art and also an artful science. Architecture must be of
the highest quality of design. Architecture provides, in the words of Marcus Vitruvius,
the great Roman architect and historian, “firmness, commodity and delight”
Architecture provides a sense
of place and support of all types of human activity. Architecture helps the
man-made fit in harmony with the environment while promoting health and
well-being, enriching lives aesthetically and spiritually, providing economic
opportunities, and creating a legacy that reflects and symbolizes culture and
traditions.
1 1st Century BC Roman
Architect Vitruvius is the author of the treatise De architectura. The work is
divided into 10 books dealing with city planning and architecture in general;
building materials; temple construction; public buildings; private buildings;
clocks; hydraulics; and civil and military engines. His work was used as a
classic text book from ancient Roman times to the Renaissance.
Firmness refers to
structural integrity and durability;
Commodity refers to
spatial functionality or in other words, “serving its purpose” and fulfilling
the function for which the building was constructed;
Delight means that the
building is not only aesthetically and visually pleasing, but also lifts the
spirits and stimulates the senses.
The Role of
Architect
When buildings are designed, constructed, or renovated, we
designate key designers as “architects” and give them a broad range of
responsibilities. An architect prepares initial sketches of the building,
showing both external appearance and internal layout, and discusses these
sketches with clients until all concerned have agreed that what is shown is
what they want. The sketches are abstractions: they focus attention on the
pertinent details of a particular aspect of the building, omitting other
concerns.
After the clients and architects agree on these abstractions,
the architects prepare, or supervise the preparation of, much more detailed
drawings, as well as associated textual specifications. These drawings and specifications
describe many “nitty-gritty” details of a building, such as plumbing, siding
materials, window glazing, and electrical wiring.
On rare occasions, an architect simply hands the detailed plans
to a builder who completes the project in accordance with the plans. For more
important projects, the architect remains involved, regularly inspects the
work, and may propose changes or accept suggestions for change from both the
builder and customer. When the architect supervises the project, it is not considered
complete until he certifies that it is in substantial compliance with the plans
and specifications.
We employ an architect to assure that the design
(1) meets the needs of the
client, including the characteristics previously noted;
(2) has conceptual integrity
by using the same design rules throughout;
(3) meets legal and safety
requirements. An important part of the architect’s role is to ensure that the
design concepts are consistently realized during the implementation. Sometimes
the architect also acts as a mediator between builder and client. There is
often some disagreement about which decisions are in the realm of the architect
and which are left to others, but it is always clear that the architect makes
the major decisions, including all that can affect the usability, safety, and
maintainability of the structure.
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